ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR MODEL:-
A
model is something which represents the simplified and abstract view of the real-world
phenomenon.
It
is a framework which explains the overall behaviour of an employee or the
individuals in an organization and about their work.
Models
are proposed for the better understanding and implementation of the various techniques
which will benefit the organization and its people.
1.
Autocratic model
2.
Custodial model
3.
Supportive
model
4.
Collegial model
5.
System model
·
It is based on the entities
like power, strength, and authority.
·
The managerial
orientation is something in which the managers has the authority to control and
command to their employees.
·
The employees are dependent
on their boss and are obedient. Hence it is employee orientation. Here the
managers give order to the employees and they have to obey it.
·
The ideas or the
suggestions in this are not paid attention as it totally depends upon the
higher authority i.e. the managers or owners of the firm.
·
As the managers are with much experience and
have the business knowledge, the employees are with low level of skills and
hence which needs to be guided by the managers to develop them.
·
It becomes difficult for
the managers to handle every single detail and make decisions.
·
In this model the focus
is not given on the employee satisfaction and their morale.
·
The needs of the
employees here are subsistence.
·
Due to this the employees
feels unvalued and not being the part of the group.
· This leads to the low performance and dissatisfaction.
2) Custodial model:-
·
The basic of this model
is based on the economic resources like providing economic security to the
employees
·
It is dependent on the organization
as a whole and not just the owner.
·
The economic security is
provided to the employees by means of wages, salaries, other benefits etc which
will motivate the employees to do well in their work.
·
Different companies
provide benefits other than salaries such as health benefits, cars, and such
incentives to retain the quality staff at their organizations.
·
In this model the approach
is more of having a managerial orientation which follows team work and motivation.
·
The employees focus on
their behaviour and maintaining self-discipline.
·
The motive behind this
model is to have a skilled set of workforces, satisfaction of the employees,
motivating them and having a competitive advantage by the means of knowledge and
experience.
·
But the certain drawback
of this model is that people feel the low level of motivation even if they are
satisfied.
·
In terms of productivity
it is known as a passive corporation.
·
It was observed that even
if the satisfaction of employees were taken into consideration, but the problem
still arises in the terms of productivity.
3) Supportive model:-
·
Like the other two models,
this model is based on the leadership.
·
It is more of motivation for the employees
through maintaining relationship with the people at work.
·
The managerial
orientation is based on the kind of support they give to their employees.
·
It does not depend upon
the authority or the power but is dependent on the leadership and the manager’s
relations with the employees.
·
The employee orientation
is basically through the job performance.
·
Providing a positive
atmosphere in organization helps the employees to work in better way and put
forth their ideas and innovation.
·
Therefore, as a result
employee take due participation in the organizational activities and work
·
Employees needs are met here
in terms of status and recognition.
·
The managers believe that
if they give the target to their employees or some important changes, the
employees will do it with responsibility.
·
The ideas of the
employees are encouraged and also can be adapted which will create a positive
impact on their minds.
·
As a result, in terms of performance, the employees
work with more interest.
4) Collegial model:-
·
This model is based on
the concept of teamwork. It is the group of people having the common goal.
·
It is more of having a
managerial orientation in terms of partnership and teamwork.
·
In this model, everyone
should contribute equally and participate actively.
·
All are working together and
encouraging for the benefit of the organization and not just for the status and
job.
·
The manager’s task is to
develop a positive atmosphere at workplace and understanding the employee’s
situation.
·
The employees feel
responsible and they do the task in better way.
·
The benefit of this model
is that, the employees become self-discipline and feeling of team work.
·
Manager here is not just giving
order to the employees but also work together with them as a team and with a
goal of making the team perform well.
·
Here employees too are
allowed to make decisions and give their suggestions.
·
The needs of the
employees are met in terms of self-actualization.
·
The result of the
performance here is having a moderate level of enthusiasm between the employees
for the work.
5) System model:-
·
It is the last model of
the organisational model.
·
This model is based on
the various parameters like overall team structure, the environment in the
organization, and individual as a whole.
·
The individual’s talents,
focuses, expertise, potential and experience etc is considered.
·
It is managing the goals
of the employees or the people at work and the organization which have to be
balanced.
·
The managerial
orientation for this model is having compassion and care for the employees.
·
Every employee or
individual want the best for themselves. The secure job, good salary, positive
work environment, where these adds value to their life.
·
It also focuses more on
the self-satisfaction and self-learning of the employees.
·
The needs of the
employees are met up to the wider range.
·
The result of this model
is having a passion, commitment and loyalty to the organization and its goals.
Best model
v According to me the best model is the System
model.
v This model refers to the overall performance
and structure of the organization.
v The motivation for the employees and the
positive environment affects the work performance.
v It covers the overall aspect of the
organization as well as its people.
v Every individual is given equal importance and
opportunities to present their talents.
v They are provided with decision making, ideas
and innovation.
v The employees and the manager both work
together to attain the common goal.
v There is commitment, passion for the work and trust
which results in the better performance and quality outcomes.
The different Models of
Organizational Behaviour are: -
1.
AUTOCRATIC MODEL à in this the employees are
much more oriented towards rule and regulation and are much more disciplined.
They totally depend upon their bosses so that their work can be assigned and
can report the work back to the boss. The decision making power is less in this
model because everything is followed with a hierarchy in a systematic flow of
information. Less chances of discussing any idea or creativities.
2. Custodial model à this model is basically work on resources in term of money for the company. Employees need some security sand safety in monetary terms, so this method provides them with financial support to motivate them to stay and work in the organisation. They do not have to take help from their managers or bosses for any such issues and are directly helped by the organisation. Though this might not create a lot of motivation amongst the employees. This can be done by those companies which are high on resources.
Autocratic model was evolved from the industrial revolution
and hence existed for thousands of years. The mangers of this model mostly
emerged out of Mc. Gregor’s theory X. Where machines were given much more
priority than the humans and humans are considered to be as lazy so a proper
control and close supervision of them during work is necessary.
Custodial model is also from the industrial revolution
where money used to be the factor of the motivation and neglected human
emotions but is much more extended level of autocratic. It follows the theory Y
of Mc. Gregor’s. where the study has stated that employee might feel
demotivated if not treated properly.
Supportive model’s root is from the Likert’s principles of
supportive techniques. In this the main focus is to build relationship and
create the motivation in the employees. This models help the managers and
employees to grow and accomplish.
Collegial model is the extension of the supportive model.
It focuses if the employees working in the organisation are feeling a
commitment of achieving a goal or not.
System model is the new model build for the employees of
technological era, where machines are taking over but the human essence is
still present and are much more into consideration for proper working of the
organisation.
Each model differs from each other on the basis of the
oriented direction and the end result which the employees are getting –
Autocratic – authority à minimum performance result
Custodial – economic resources à cooperation
Supportive – leadership à awakened drivers
Collegial – partnership à moderate enthusiasm
System – trust and community à passion and commitment
towards the organisational goals.
This structure focuses not only on the organisation but
building the employees as well and making them feel much more valued so that
they are high on motivation and feel respected. It’s important to balance the
goals of organisation with the goals of the employees keeping in mind.
Employees not just want the handsome salary and money but they also want social
status, recognition, good working environment, supportive superiors etc. this
model is considered to be as the partnership of both the organisation and the
employees so that they can work one the same level. This model brings the
higher level and meaning to the work. This creates the relationship and
community among the co-workers. In this the managers remind the employees that
how important they are in the work-setting and how much they care about them.
This makes the environment friendly and easy to work so that employees do not
feel pressured and empower themselves on various aspects of work. This models
give flexibility to choose and communicate and hence, this model is the most
suitable of all.
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