Research Spending of each country link

Research Spending of each country link https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/12/how-much-countries-spend-on-r-d?fbclid=IwAR2fggXDRNH3XNv5XtvAIWGcMmpcuTEgSl8aYTwiyZni1gMyvuZULDkvdFs

Input Efforts and output Results theory

Input output theory input output theory input output theory is based on the fact that whatever input you will give output will remain somewhat same if you give less input you will get less output you will get more input you will get more output so while spending your life while making career in your life think that what inputs we are giving so a person want a salary of 10 lakh 12 lakh 15 lakh 20 lacs he has to input he has defined output but he is not aware about the input if you want such a higher salary you must take such efforts you must solve case studies you must know each and every concept in the book each and every concept which are there in the industry utilised for creating an innovative new things so it is input output theory is applicable to everywhere in your family with your personal and professional relation just don't forget that you cannot get good output unless and until you have good input and if your input is bad output will also be bad so here you to focus on input forget about all the worries everybody has worries what you can do in best that situation is improve on your inputs if your inputs are fantastic if your input are fantastic your output will also be fantastic so don't worry focus more on input focus more on input focus more on input focus more on input so this is the formula this is the solution this is the code word everything so will add duties in next session

Learning capacity

Learning capacity Learning capacity each and every person has huge learning capacity each and every person can learn in different different ways let me tell you in a day we have 60 minutes per hour and we have 24 hours in one minute we have 60 seconds so how much it comes 60 into 60 into 24 just a minute I will calculate 60 into 60 into 24 so 86400 figure comes the number comes is 86400 so 86400 seconds we have so suppose in 5 second you are gaining or remembering or creating or thinking a thought a good thought so 70000 280 such a good thoughts 17280 such a thoughts will appear for you will get so it is quite possible that in 5 second you will get at least one thought it may be a good one or it may be a normal one so daily 17000 good thoughts you will Earth it is cannot be compared with the money it cannot be bought it cannot be sold but it can be utilised benefit from such thought process or thoughts can be gained so if you have 17,000 thoughts good thoughts everyday you can change the word you can earn lot of money you can get success in every aspect you want so you just have to channelise your thoughts you just have to see that thoughts are positive and it will end result it will into good result it will solve problems of the others so I was talking about learning capacity 17000 cards birthday you can learn but most of the time we are wasting time so you have to keep quiet remain calm and focus on the thought process focus on the brain to get good thoughts let not others and others thought process or others behaviour will harm you there are lot of learning opportunities each and every incident through which we can learn a lot we can learn a lot through some events some addresses listening to better people listening to boss listening to MDS senior managers chairman directors learning opposite is everywhere and you just not focus on the learning you just have to focus on creativity and invention because if you create or if you invent new things lot of learning can happen If you think in a positive way if you start focusing on learning creating and innovation so at the end you will have lot of stuff lot of positive state you will get answers to lot of problems you will get solutions lot of problems you will save your time money efforts you will gain knowledge show what I want to say is everybody has huge learning opportunity each and every day each and every second learning can happen learning is there in your thought process

Preparation during exam

Preparation during exam during exam I have seen a lot of people they utilise each and every minute they are in a set healthy spirit healthy motivation healthy tension that they are energetic and then you within particular less time specific time given to them they can cover a huge syllabus huge portion so till the last second of the exam they are preparing they are reading their understanding they are trying to relate it so that whenever the question appears in the question paper they will relate or remember that answer but what happens before the exam what happens at the start of the semester for start of the academic year we forgot to study we take it very casually we don't have any management for the time we waste our time we kill our time by doing nonessential activities it is said that everything can be written in the world money can be returned people can be returned post can be returned lost of property can be returned but time will never returned once the time is lost is permanently lost so whenever you are preparing for the exam start from the day one prepare plan in a such a good manner that at the last moment it should not be a burden again don't learn or don't study for the sake of the exam in Indian education system exams are nothing but memorizing test a memory test I recall test it is a test how good you have planned your study before exam before few days of exam even if you forget everything after the exam it may not matter for them once you are pass that exam that means you have that knowledge but after some days you might forget that knowledge so it's not correct and it person accurate education system its improving day by day but not a significant improvement is seen over a period of time so education education system will pass you will qualify you but whenever you enter into industry of the market survival is difficult finding out solution to the problems are difficult to study for the sake of excellence study for the sake of winning study for the sake of soul solving the problems for the others and for you if you able to solve the problems in the industry no matter your academic record they will put you at higher post they will pay you handsome salary so there are various angles various aspect various approaches to the exam to the study to the curriculum to the program which are taught in the schools and colleges so try to understand it try to get best out of it try to discover invent many things you can learn from our education system or syllabus or curriculum everybodypreparation doing exam doing exam I have seen a lot of people they utilize eaten every minute. In the center in the spirit henley motivation him detention that there energetic and the new wouldn't particular list time specific time you want to them they can cover huge syllabus you pushing so in the last second of the exam Dr preparing Dr reading there understanding they are trying to relate it shouldn't whenever the question appears in the kitchen paper they will agree laid or remember that answer but what happens before the exam what happens I do start of this semester or start of the economic year we forgot to study with a cute very casual we don't have any management for the time reversed overtime with you our time by doing known essential activities it is said that everything can you return in the world money converted done eating candy

MOTIVATION - SECRET BEHIND MY MOTIVATION

Motivation many people ask me a question what is a secret behind your motivation how you are so motivated how you will tell us how to get motivated every day every time I simply tell them think positively think that you need to grow you need to develop you are able you are capable and what will happen in your life beat loss or b at a profit think that you want you have to learn from it what are the bad situations are there in your life learn from it try to find out some solution think over it in each and every situation think that it's your mistake because of your mistake it has happened what might have gone wrong what you have done wrong what things need to be done to avoid such a situation what things need to be done to not to fall in trouble or such a situation so automatically your mind each and every time think about positive things you develop a learning habit you try to find out good qualities you try to relate root cause analysis what is the cause behind the loss and you start training your mind to learn and adapt to next loss so whenever some mistake happen from your side you learn a lot and you also learn in a such a good way you put a majors that are you put a checklist that next time that mistake won't happen and not only that mistake happens but you also learn how to do that job in a better way and each and every time your job improve each and every time you are adding some qualities some betterment some improvement into it so ultimately at the end your result is good your result is far better than the normal guy so I have developed such habit I think and because of that people get impressed by me while doing such a work but I feel its normal and I just have revealed The secret so it can help others and others people can learn from it without wasting their time they can learn from my experience so best practices should be shared so my opinion is learn from everyone learn from everything learn from every incident and learn in such a way that it will give maximum benefit to eat maximum benefit to your future endeavour so thank you

Contents of marketing plan

Contents of marketing plan Each product level within a business unit must develop a marketing plan for achieving its schools marketing plan is one of the most important output of the marketing process and it should contain the following elements executive summary executive summary highlights the main cause of the recommendations of the marketing plan it should also briefly address the budget requirements and how success will be measured it is short one to two page summary of the key facts assumption and rational a of the plan in the return plan it should appear as the first section of the plan in the table of the contents it should be the first and the last section of the plan to be written because it is a summary of the contents of the entire plan the executive summary should be concise in short because its purpose is to save managers time by filtering out good proposals if the executive summary is good The reader will be probably proceed to read the rest of the document is executive summary is not good the plan will either be rejected as in the case of the business plan for buried under dress duress if it is an internal marketing plan situation analysis situation analysis summarises all pertinent information obtained from the three key environment and internal environment the customer environment and the forms external environment analysis of the firm's internal environment considers issues such as availability of the deployment of the human resources the age and the capacity of the equipment other technology availability of the financial resources and the power of political struggles within the form structure clear and comprehensive situation analysis is one of the most difficult parts of the developing a marketing plan this difficulty arises because the analysis must be both comprehensive and focused on key issues in order to prevent information overload the task actually add more complicated by the advances in information technology the information for situation analysis may be obtained internally through the forms marketing information system or it may have to be obtained extremely externally through primary or secondary marketing research the challenge is often having too much data and information to analyse rather than having two little marketing strategy this section of the marketing plan outlines how the firm will achieve its marketing objectives hear the product manager defines the mission marketing and financial objectives the manager also define those groups and needs that market offering are intended to satisfy the manager those establishes the product lines competitive positioning which will inform the game plan to accomplish the plans objective all this is done with inputs from other organisational areas such as purchasing manufacturing sales finance and human resources to ensure and the company can provide proper support for effective implementation the marketing strategy should be specific about the branding strategy and customer strategy that will be employed does in ITS broadcast sales marketing strategy refers to how the firm will manage its relationship with the customers in manner that gives it an advantage over the competition Financials manager positions are just what the name is projections they relate to the future and differ from accounting numbers which are based on the past purpose of financial position is to show what the business is capable of realising in revenues and profits given the assumptions about his potential cost market business is capable of realising in revenues and profits given the assumption about the potential cause market business is capable of realising in revenues and profits given the junction about the potential cost market size prices extra managers also used financial position and projections to develop a series of ratios that help them make economic and financial judgements about the business potential growth partners return on investment return on equity required investments financing methods extra the major aspect of financial position is their assumptions there on assumptions about activities in the functional segment of the business financial projections include a sales forecast and expense forecast and a break even analysis on the revenue side the projections show the forecasted cell volume by month and product category on the expense side the projections show expected cost of marketing broken down into final category the break up break even analysis show how many units must be sold monthly to offset the monthly fixed cost and average per unit variable cost it is strongly suggested that the financial projections are developed using spreadsheet because of the flexibility it provides the process state is to begin with the assumption table with explicitly specified all the assumption that are going to be used in the projections sales prices production cost marketing course equity internal rate and a long time table equipment productivity number of employees number of employees in specific areas of the value concentrix marketing control the final selection final section of the marketing plans details how the resource of the marketing program will be evaluated and controlled by steering control in were established me establishing performance standards assessing actual performance by comparing it with these standards and taking corrective action if necessary to reduce discrepancies between desire and actual performance the standards can be based on increase in sales volume market share our profitability or even advertising standard such as brand name recognition or recall regardless of the standard select all performance standards must be agreed upon before results of the plan can be assessed the financial assessment of the marketing plan is also an important component of the evolution and control instruments of the cost sales revenues determine the financial projections in reality budgetary consideration play a key role in the identification of the alternative strategies the financial realities of the firm must be monitored at all times

nature of marketing plan

nature of marketing plan the important characteristics of marketing plan are as follows formal and systematic approach marketing plan is a formal and systematic approach towards planning of all marketing activities product positioning price setting distribution channel exception second rational activity marketing plan as a rational activity request thinking imagination and foresight market analysis market projection consumer behaviour analysis and marketing guided conclusions are based on data and measurements drawn from internal and external environment dynamic process marketing plan is a forward looking and dynamic process to promote market oriented consumer oriented business actions optimistic and pessimistic approach planning is concerned with the two things avoiding incorrect actions and reducing frequency of aligarh to exploit a person has both an optimistic and pessimistic decision in advance planning is a process of deciding in advance what to do and how to do it if the marketing plan to achieve target market at some future date and if we need some time to decide what to do and how to do it he must make a necessary marketing decisions before taking action decision making process is a program of marketing regarding the object of minimising risk and uncertainty and producing a set of for example in planning a new product positioning of decision on product development advertisement sale promotion after sale service will affect the marketing program of existing product performance of the company as a whole done by marketing department is done by marketing department where the department submit their properties based on which company marketing develop and designed Quick Reply

Introduction of marketing plan

Introduction of marketing plan Marketing plan introduction working within the plans said by the levels above them managers develop a marketing plan for individual lines products brand channels for customer group is truck level product line brand must develop a marketing plan for achieving its goal a marketing plan is a written statement of marketing objectives strategies and activities to be followed in a business plan marketing plan as a formal document is like a guide to take right decisions at right time this year plan will help to evaluate planned vs actual and become a guide for subsequent year plans a marketing plan is a written document that details the necessary actions to achieve one or more marketing objectives it can be it can be for a product or service a brand or a product line marketing plans cover between 1 and 5 years marketing plan may be part of an overall business plan marketing plan is widely used by both large corporate marketing department and also buy small startup companies it is particularly important for marketing for new projects or to expand existing product or services marketing will ensure one is not only speaking to the schedule but that one spends the marketing funds wisely and appropriately marketing plan includes everything from understanding the target market and the competitive position in that market to have an inter to reach that market and differentiate from the competition in order to make a cell the small business marketing budget should be competent of the marketing plan outline the cost of one is going to achieve goals with a certain time frame

Marketing plan -

Preparation and evaluation of product level marketing plan preparing a marketing plan takes a good deal of work many people consider the plan to be simply choosing the media and then advertising but you will design marketing plan goes for me and that the following steps will be helpful in the plans design state the marketing goals and objective the marketing goals and objective must be compatible with both the business and personal goal and objectives if one wants the business to be an industry leader in the retail sector odds are that a substantial marketing budget will be necessary and they must be willing and able to spend this money on advertising the marketing goals and objective should state theory that the desire is to claim industry leadership and for this a substantial marketing budget will be necessary this will give focus to the plant plan second outline the image the image ported to the public by the business will have a major impact on the number and the type of the client in this should make certain that image that business portrays is compatible with the location and themselves third decide on the key selling features why is it the customer will consume the products and services is it a good location a low pricing strategy for have some personal karizma weather market when marketer identify the key selling features using a marketing strategy becomes easier IV check the products are the products compatible with the image if the business is expected to survive and the plan is to change consumers premium prices then will made products will not be good enough decide on the pricing strategy the pricing strategy is usually key component of ceiling features in some instances it is not of prime importance still in either case the pricing strategy must be recognised and implemented as a marketing tool this strategy will evaluate cost market demand the competitions pricing policy and elasticity of pricing 2 Analyse why customers buy the product if the business is the sale of fur coats then prestige will likely be a major factor for the customers for the Goodwill organisation customer will shop because of price if the business is to sale under our deodorant here is a factor in the customers purchasing decision understanding the purchasing rational is an ad in the marketing campaign Set out a customer define the customer has completely as possible market segmentation will be used for defining the customer profile the more characteristics that can be used to define the customer the more exact the promotional brand will be Define the selling place how is business is single retail outlet the location choice can be difficult but once choose and the selling pi place is set for a small producer or middle man who might be distributing to a number of location a continuous evaluation of channels of distribution and the final selling location must be constantly analysed develop a marketing plan develop marketing budget the marketing budget is at part of cash flow projection within this budget make certain that an adequate amount of funding is allocated to the marketing section so that the marketing goals and objectives are visible naturally this budget must be created remembering that the business is limited in its resources resources and that only so many dollars can be allocated to the marketing domain review and choose an appropriate promotional method what method will be best to reach the target market at the lowest price this is the key question but I have it will be television newspaper magazine or radio maybe the marketing budget cannot afford these areas and it will be forced to rely strictly on free publicity business cards flyers and word of mouth sales create advertising and make certain that it fits the business image advertisements must be created with the business image in mind and the customers needs must be considered it is voice therefore that the before advertising marketer have family friends and advertisers advisors check to make sure that the ads actually say that what they think they say that they promote the business in an appropriate manner this will help to attract the target customer implement the plan was everything has been check and double check to make a certain that all appears reasonable and logical and compatible with the goals and objective then implement the plan remember that this is an ongoing process and as business develops and changes area analysis of each of these steps should be undertaken updating help updating will help to ensure that business remain current and that it satisfies both continuous and changing market needs monitoring progress of marketing actions generally monitoring of the plan involves tracking specific results of the marketing efforts sales data by product territory sales representative and outlet are a few of the specific results that should be monitored what is monitored is dependent on the specific goals and objectives outline earlier in the marketing plan any weak signal from the monitoring process will provide the marketer with opportunity to redirect or modify the existing marketing effort to allow the firm to achieve its initial goals and objectives

GLOBAL MARKETING OFFERING

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GLOBAL MARKETING OFFERING *******************************************************************************
Kotler on Marketing; “Your company does not belong in markets where it cannot be the best.” There are questions that should be asked such as; what are the major ways of entering a foreign market and to what extent must the company adapt its products and marketing program to each foreign country? Questions should also be asked as to how should the company manage and organize its international activities? With faster communication, transportation, and financial flows, the world is rapidly shrinking. Products develop in one country are finding enthusiastic acceptance in others. Since 1969, the number of multinational corporations in the world’s 14 riches countries has more than triple from 7,000 to 24,000. In fact, these companies today control one-third of all private sector assets and enjoy worldwide sales of $6 trillion. *******************************************************************************
There are Risks faced by companies that are thinking of entering and competing in a foreign market and some of the risks are as follows; · Huge Foreign Indebtedness · Shifting Borders · Unstable Governments · Foreign Exchange problems · Tariffs and other trade barriers · Corruption · Technological Pirating *******************************************************************************
Major Decisions when deciding to go abroad. *******************************************************************************
· Do we really need to go abroad? · If the decision is ‘yes’ then which market do we enter? · How do we enter that market? · What would be our Marketing Program? · What type of Organizational structure do we use? *******************************************************************************
Most companies would prefer to remain domestic if their domestic market is large enough. Managers would not need to learn new languages and laws, deal with volatile currencies or face political and legal uncertainty or redesigning their products to suit different customer needs and expectation. *******************************************************************************
Deciding Whether to Go Abroad Several Factors drawing Companies Internationally: Global firms offering better products or lower prices can attack the company’s domestic market. The company might want to counter attack these competitors in their home market. Companies discovering that some foreign markets present higher profit opportunities then the domestic market. The company need large customer base to achieve economies of scale. The company wants to reduce its dependencies on any one market. The company customers are going abroad and require international servicing *******************************************************************************
Several Risks *******************************************************************************
The company might not understand foreign customer preferences and fail to offer a competitively attractive product. The company might not understand the foreign country’s business culture or know how to deal effectively with foreign nationals. The company might underestimate foreign regulations and incur unexpected costs. The company might realize that it lacks managers with international exposure and experiences. The foreign country might change its commercial laws, devalue its currency, or undergo a political revolution and expropriate foreign property. *******************************************************************************
Deciding Which Markets to Enter In deciding to go abroad, companies need to defined its marketing objectives and policies. What proportion of foreign to total sales will it seek? How many markets to enter – Company must decide whether to market in a few countries or many countries and determine how fast to expand; Example: Digicel entry into the Caribbean and Pacific Region. · Companies must also decide on the types of countries to consider. Attractiveness is influenced by the product, geography, income and population, political climate and other factors. · The unmet needs of the developing world represent huge potential markets for food, clothing, shelter, consumer electronics, appliances, and other goods. · Many market leaders are now rushing into Eastern Europe, China, Vietnam, and Cuba where there are many unmet needs to satisfy. *******************************************************************************
Ayal and Zif have argued that a company should enter fewer countries when; Market entry and market control costs are high. Product and communication adaptation costs are high. Population and income size and growth are high in the initial countries chosen. Dominant foreign firms can establish high barriers to entry. *******************************************************************************
Regional Free Trade Zones – Regional economic integration – trading agreements between blocs of countries has intensified in recent years. This development means that companies are more likely to enter entire regions overseas than do business with one nation at a time. · The European Union - Group of nations organized to work toward common goals in regulation of international trade. *******************************************************************************
· NAFTA – (North America Free Trade Agreement) *******************************************************************************
· APEC – (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation) *******************************************************************************
Evaluating Potential Markets How does a company choose which potential market to enter? Many countries prefer to sell to neighboring countries because they understand these countries better. Example: The largest US Market is Canada and Mexico, US neighbors. Australia’s market would be Papua New Guinea & other Asian countries. *******************************************************************************
Deciding How to Enter the Market *******************************************************************************
Indirect and Direct Export – The normal way to get involved in a foreign market is through export. Occasional exporting is a passive level of involvement in which the company exports from time to time, either on its own initiative or in response to unsolicited orders from abroad. Active Exporting takes place when the company makes a commitment to expand into a particular market. Indirect Exporting – Companies starts with indirect exporting by working through intermediaries. Whether companies decides to export indirectly or directly, many companies use exporting as a way to test the waters before building a plant or manufacturing a product overseas. The internet has also become an effective means of everything from gaining free exporting information and guidelines, conducting market research, and offering customers several time zones away a secure process for ordering and paying for products. *******************************************************************************
Licensing – Licensing is a simple way to become involved in international marketing. The licensor licenses a foreign company to use a manufacturing process, trademark, patent, trade secret, or other item of value for fee or royalty. Licensing has potential disadvantages and that is the licensor has less control over the licensee than it does over its own production and sales facilities. Company can also enter a country through franchising, which is a more complete form of licensing. The franchiser offers a complete brand concept and operating system. A good example of a franchise is: McDonald’s, KFC and Avis Rent A Car, are companies with operation in many countries by franchising their retail concepts. *******************************************************************************
Joint Ventures – Foreign investors may join with local investors to create a joint venture company in which they share ownership and control. A joint venture may be necessary or desirable for economic or political reasons. The foreign firm might lack the financial, physical, or managerial resources to undertake the venture alone, or the foreign government might require joint ownership as a condition for entry. *******************************************************************************
Direct Investment – The ultimate form of foreign involvement is direct ownership of foreign-based assembly or manufacturing facilities. The foreign company can buy part or full interest in a local company or build its own facilities. *******************************************************************************
The Internationalization Process – Countries encouraging their companies to participate in foreign markets to bring in foreign exchange for needed imports. Many countries encourage their domestic companies to grow domestically and expand globally. *******************************************************************************
Deciding on the Marketing Program *******************************************************************************
International Companies must decide how much to adapt their marketing strategy to local conditions. At one extreme are companies that use a globally standardized marketing mix worldwide. At the other extreme is an adapted marketing mix where the producer adjusts the marketing mix elements to each target market. Between the two extreme many possibilities exist. Most brands are adapted to some extent. Example: Toyota. Product Straight extension means introducing a product in the foreign market without any change. Straight extension has been successful with electronic products, cameras, and many machine tools. Product Adaptation involves altering the product to meet local conditions or preferences. There are several levels of adaptation. Companies can produce a regional version of a product or other versions. Product invention consists of creating something new. It can take two forms. Backward invention is reintroducing earlier product forms that adapt well into the foreign markets. Forward invention is creating a new product to meet a need in another country. *******************************************************************************
Promotion *******************************************************************************
Companies can run the same advertising and promotion campaigns used in the home market or change them for each local market, a process called communication adaptation. If it adapts both the product and the communication, the company engages in dual adaptation. Messages and colors can be changed to avoid taboos in some countries. Examples: Purple is associated with death in Burma, White is a mourning colour in India and green is associated with diseases in Malaysia. *******************************************************************************
Price *******************************************************************************
Multinationals companies face several pricing problems when selling abroad. They must deal with price escalation, transfer prices, dumping charges, and gray markets. Because the cost escalation varies from country to country, the question is how to set the prices in different countries. Companies have three choices; Set a uniform price everywhere (Poor & Rich countries) Set a market-based price in each country (Affordability) Set a cost-based price in each country *******************************************************************************
Place (Distribution Channels) *******************************************************************************
Multinationals companies should pay close attention to how the product moves within the foreign country. From when the product leaves their port to another country, the company must ensure the distribution channel effectively delivers the product to the final outlet and onto consumers. *******************************************************************************
Deciding on the Marketing Organization *******************************************************************************
Export department - A firm normally gets into international marketing by shipping out its good. With international sales expanding, companies organize export departments to include various marketing services to be able to carry out its business more aggressively. *******************************************************************************
International Division – Many companies become involved in several international markets and ventures. Sooner or later they create international division to handle all their international activities. Global Organization - Several firms have truly become global organizations. Their top corporate management and staff plan worldwide manufacturing facilities, marketing policies, financial flows and logistic systems. The global operating units reports directly to the chief executive or executive committees. Executives are trained in worldwide operations. *******************************************************************************
The global firms distinguished three organizational strategies; *******************************************************************************
A global strategy treats the world as a single market A multinational strategy treats the world as a portfolio of national opportunities A “glocal” strategy standardizes certain core elements and localizes other elements *******************************************************************************
Summary and Conclusion *******************************************************************************
Companies cannot simply stay domestic and expect to maintain their markets. Despite the many challenges in the international arena (shifting borders, unstable governments, foreign exchange problems, corruption, and technological pirating), companies selling in global industries need to internationalize their operations. In deciding to go abroad, a company needs to define its international marketing objectives and policies. The company must determine whether to market in a few countries or many countries. It must decide which countries to consider. In general, the candidate countries should be rated on three criteria: Market attractiveness, Risk, and Competitive advantages. Once a company decides on a particular country, it must determine the best mode of entry. Its broad choices are indirect exporting, direct exporting, licensing, joint ventures, and direct investment. Each succeeding strategy involves more commitment, risk, control and profit potential. In deciding on the marketing program, a company must decide how much to adapt its marketing mix (product, promotion, price and place) to local conditions. At the two ends of the spectrum are standardized and adapted marketing mixes with many steps in between. At the product level firms can pursue a strategy of straight extension, product adaptation, or product invention. At the promotion level, firms may choose communication adaptation or dual adaptation. At the price level, firms may encounter price escalation and gray markets. At the distribution level, firms need to take a whole-channel view of the challenge of distributing products to the final users. In creating all elements of the marketing mix, firms must be aware of the cultural, social, political, technological, environmental and legal limitations they face in other countries. Depending on the level of international involvement, companies manage their international marketing activity in three ways; through the export department, international divisions or a global organization *******************************************************************************

HR TRENDS

GOOD VIDEO CHANNEL

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GOOD VIDEO CHANNEL *******************************************************************************
मोदी के एक फैसले से पांच साल तक कीमत चुकाएगा चीन, दी रिश्तों की दुहाई । INDIA MY JAAN Bisbo Hindi Biz Tak DW हिन्दी GIGL STUDY Global Startup Stories GREAT IDEAS GREAT LIFE Live Hindi NJ Hindi Saurabh Jaiswal Story Batao. com The Case Study Channel The Global Stories Utsav Techie https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGdPm5Aq081vVD7ih9jZf6Q *******************************************************************************
GOOD VIDEO CHANNEL *******************************************************************************
SeeKen https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfhbydY40P2Lli9HuBz8cdA/videos *******************************************************************************
LifeGyan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkVr3e4pFd6Ov7v30sXHspQ/videos *******************************************************************************
yebook https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grIJob35DME *******************************************************************************
Impulsive Gems https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsg1KFjouSfJbhFLU-xC7gQ/videos *******************************************************************************

MOTIVATIONAL SPEAKERS

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MOTIVATIONAL SPEAKERS

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1. VINOD BINDRA
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCR-foyF-C6VuAlwy3KZMkgA
https://www.youtube.com/user/MrVivekBindra/videos
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2. Ujjwal Patni
https://www.youtube.com/user/personality2009/videos *******************************************************************************
3. Him-eesh Madaan
https://www.youtube.com/user/himeesh1 *******************************************************************************
4. Sandeep Maheshwari
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBqFKDipsnzvJdt6UT0lMIg ****************************************************************************
5. Sonu Sharma
https://www.youtube.com/user/dalipsinghbisht/videos ****************************************************************************
6. Possiblers Suresh, Tapas https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfjG5VlvxcQ-qroPDFve6vA/videos ****************************************************************************
7. Harshvardhan Jain https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClbqFnwW_1qjWwO2zl0ggvw ****************************************************************************
8 Saurav Shukla https://www.youtube.com/user/MegaSourav007 ****************************************************************************
9. TsMadaan https://www.youtube.com/user/tsmadaan ****************************************************************************
10 Sneh Desai https://www.youtube.com/user/drsnehdesai ****************************************************************************

BEST WEBSITES AND THEIR LINKS

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BEST WEBSITES AND THEIR LINKS *******************************************************************************
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1 Swami Mukundananda https://www.youtube.com/user/JagadguruKripaluYog/videos *******************************************************************************
1. MARKETING PRACTICE :- BLOG http://marketingpractice.blogspot.com/ *******************************************************************************
2. MARKETING 91:- https://www.marketing91.com/ *******************************************************************************
3. MARKETING MIND https://www.marketingmind.in/ *******************************************************************************
5 Guru Kpo https://www.youtube.com/user/gurukpobiyanicollege/videos *******************************************************************************
6ANURAG RISHI MOTIVATIONAL SPEAKER https://www.youtube.com/user/anuragrishi/videos *******************************************************************************

7.Kishan Chotaliya
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkKh0mX-A5uTbk60YutGFxg
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MC0wjA2CJDk Count Your Blessings and Feel Grateful | Positivity | Happiness Challenge Day 3 | Swami Mukundananda

MARKETING RESEARCH FORMAT

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MARKETING RESEARCH FORMAT

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27 (TWENTY SEVEN) POINTS TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION WHILE DOING RESEARCH

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27 POINTS TO BE TAKEN INTO CONIDERATION WHILE DOING RESEARCH

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1 Title

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2 INTRODUCTION

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3 NEED OF THE STUDY

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4 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

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5 DEFINITION OF TERMS - CONCEPTUAL AND OPERATIONAL

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6 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREAND RESEARCH

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7 ASSUMPTIONS OF THE STUDY

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8 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY: -

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9 HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY

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10 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

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11 SCOPE OF STUDY

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12 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

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13 RESEARCH PROCEDURE

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14 RESEARCH Design

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15 SAMPLE OF THE STUDY

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16 POPULATION OF THE STUDY

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17 SAMPLING DESIGN

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18 PILOT STUDY

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19 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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20 DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

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21 INTERPRETATION

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22 FINDINGS

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23 CONCLUSION

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24 SUGGESTIONS

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25 CHAPTERIZATION

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26 TIME SCHEDULE

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27 REFRENCES/ BIBILIOGRAPHY

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MARKETING PLAN

MARKETING PLAN

IN MY OPINION

Learning capacity *******************************************************************************
Input output Theory *******************************************************************************
Observation - Power of Learning *******************************************************************************
Superlative Thoughts *******************************************************************************
Goal sheets *******************************************************************************
Paper workout *******************************************************************************
Case to case *******************************************************************************
At the end it's you and you only *******************************************************************************
Make it easy *******************************************************************************
Problem solving *******************************************************************************
It's your life make it large *******************************************************************************
Marketing plan *******************************************************************************
Emerging global player *******************************************************************************
pyar se kaam karo *******************************************************************************
below the attitude *******************************************************************************
below the rank *******************************************************************************
intelligence is in every aspect of life *******************************************************************************
intelligence is in every aspect of life *******************************************************************************
power of expression *******************************************************************************
power of expressing your thoughts opinion *******************************************************************************
problem solving *******************************************************************************
improvement for betterment in every aspect of work *******************************************************************************
improvement in every aspect of work *******************************************************************************
music as motivation *******************************************************************************
Exam Paper -at the time of Exam *******************************************************************************
PERFORMANCE THAT MATTERS TO PROOVE YOUR METTAL. *******************************************************************************

A STUDY OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION LEVEL AND CUSTOMER PERCEPTION OF E-PAYMENT APP SERVICES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PUNE CITY.

A STUDY OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION LEVEL AND CUSTOMER PERCEPTION OF E-PAYMENT APP SERVICES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PUNE CITY. Abstract: The growth of modern civilization depends on payments. Systems of payment have substantially changed over time, from the stone age barter system, through to coins and to virtual payment. Digital payments refer to electronic consumer transactions, which include payments for goods and services that are made over the internet, mobile payments at pointof-sale (PoS) via smartphone applications (apps), and peer-to-peer transfers between private users. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the customer satisfaction level of the people who are using E-PAYMENT APPS. This article seeks to understand the dynamics of Pune’s E-Payment App by studying various factors like the pricing, consumer behaviour, market share, revenue models, app convenience, etc. INTRODUCTION Adoption of cashless transaction has been significantly pushed by Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi as part of government reforms after demonetization of high value currency of Rs. 500 and 1000 which accounts for 86% of cash circulation. The demonetization resulted in unprecedented growth in digital payment. By February 2018, digital wallet companies had shown a growth of 271 percent for a total value of US$2.8 billion (Rs. 191 crores) , Indian government and private sector companies such as Paytm, Freecharge and Mobikwik had been aggressively pushing several digital payment applications, including the Aadhaar Payment app, the UPI app, and the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) developed the Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM) app. Digital transfers using apps has brought behavioural change and helped in the adoption of digital payment. This has resulted in ease of transfer of money in rural areas which was not touched earlier by the digital payment method. Now many foreign investors want to invest in digital payment industry which is new attractive destinations because of scope of tremendous expansion in India. OBJECTIVES 1. To study the satisfaction level of customers for convenience in payment transfer using EPayment App. 2. To study the overall analysis of E-payment App (Paytm/Mobiwick/BIHM/Phonepe) services and percep RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1.The current study is based on primary data collected from 200 respondents from the different parts of Pune. 2. A well-structured questionnaire was designed to collect the information from the respondents the questionnaire was designed to study perception and buying or usage patterns of customer towards adoption of digital payment. Sampling Plan Sampling unit: Target population has been defined and surveyed. In this research the sampling unit was the customers who have been using the digital payment modes. Sample size: In this survey the sample size decided was 400 respondents. Sampling procedure: I adopted Questionnaire method for collection of primary data. Purpose of this research was told to respondents and questions were explained to them in case there was any need for understanding any particular question. There had been no personal bias or distortions were allowed while recording the responses. DATA ANALYSIS The data analysis has been discussed from responses collected from 400 various age group people who were using E- Payment App services in Pune city. Data has been presented in a meaningful way to facilitate the research that is to find out the customer satisfaction level of E- Payment App. This provides the background to the respondents by analyzing their demographic details. Tables and diagrams have been used to facilitate a understand information gathered through research study. SWOT Analysis Strength: -  First mover advantage: Paytm was the first online payment company to set up operations in India.  Convenience options: Paytm is an epitome of convenience since it is operational round the clock and facilitates easy payment or transfer of funds anytime, anywhere.  Paytm can be used to transact with more than 30 lacs marketers across India and we can pay to any individual through mobile no in india  Bucket of services: Most of what one desires to do online can be done through Paytm. & has online reservation facilities, online retail, and online recharge  Lot of Promotional offers are more popular among the people International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4443  Digitization and demonetization Weakness:-  In remote locations or even tier 2 towns lack of good Internet bandwidth and speed.  Lack of IT infrastructure  Most users are unaware of what Paytm can do for them and confused about use of app.  Most Indians are used to transacting on cash and are yet to get used to being used to cashless transactions.  Poor customer service. Opportunities:-  Growing demand for Marketers/ Sellers: With growing technology usage people prefer to make most payments from the convenience of their homes.  Demonetisation  The surge in the number of working professionals and busy schedule Threat:-  Competition: With lowered barriers to entry.  Growing concerns about safety PAYTM:- PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS: - Suppliers are the manufacturers of finished products. everyone wants to sell their products easily in less time and use app like Paytm. App like Paytm saves a lot of money for the Marketers, companies cannot afford to lose this channel. So in this industry the supplier power is low. BARGAINING POWER OF CUSTOMERS (BUYERS) Buyers in this indust Mobikwik, phone pe, BHIM app, Google pay, every bank and telecom company has its payment app. INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY: Competition is very high in this industry. many competitors means more choices for the customer to choose from. This also increases the cost incurred by the company to stay in the customer’s mind i.e. on promotions and advertisements etc. THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SERVICES: Since this industry is flooded with so many players, buyers are having lot of option to choose. Mobikwik, phone-pe, BHIM app, Google pay, every bank and telecom company has its payment app. THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS: Threat of new entrants is very high in this online retail industry because of following reason: There are very less barriers to entry like less capital required, less amount of infrastructure required. Foreign companies can come and start their own online payment services like Google pay will lead to more competition in future. 1.Gender of Respondents Using E-payments App. Interpretation- It can be seen from the above graph that 52% respondents were male and 48% respondents were female. International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4445 2. AGE GROUP OF RESPONDENTS. Interpretation- It is reported that major age group of the respondents is 20-30 years (i.e.30% respondents), follwed by 30-40 years, 40-50 years and above 50 years 3. OCCUPATION . InterpretationIt can be seen from the above graph that major occupation of the respondents is Private sector employees, followed by self-employed or business, followed by students followed by public sector or Government sector followed by retired people. International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4446 4. DO YOU THINK THAT USING ONLINE PAYMENTAPP CAN OFFER YOU A WIDER RANGE OF BANKING SERVICES AND PAYMENT OPTION Interpretation- It is reported that most of the respondents are agreed to online Payment apps offer wide range of banking services and payments. 5. WHICH APP DO YOU MOSTLY USE FOR E- PAYMENT. Interpretation- It can be seen from the above 6.WHAT WAS LAST APP YOU WERE USING BEFORE ONE YEAR. [ Interpretation- Last year PAYTM was used by 78% of the respondents followed by Phone pe 7%followed by Mobikwick 5% followed by others 10%. 7.ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH THE SERVICE OF APP Interpretation-Maximum respondents of Pune city are satisfied with the PAYTM App Services i.e 82% while 18% are not satisfied or not sure about the service provided to them. International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4448 8. RISK OF USING PAYMENT APP InterpretationIt can be seen from the above graph that only 29% respondents feel that there may be a risk using payment app while 33% feels its safe to use payment app while 38% were not about the risk in using payment app. 9. IS THIS APP COMFORTABLE AND USER FRIENDLY. InterpretationIt is reported that most of the respondents 66% are agreed that the payment app PAYTM, BHIM, mobikwick, phonepe are user-friendly and comfortable International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4449 10. SINCE HOW LONG ARE YOU USING THIS APP Interpretation- It can be seen from the graph that most of the respondents 71% are using same payment app more than one year while 10% are using for 9 months, 8% for months and 11% for last 3 months. 11. HOW GOOD IS PRIVATE PAYMENT APP SERVICES THAN GOVERNMENT APP SERVICE. It is reported that Private app payment service was better than Government app as it agreed by the 79% of the respondents while 6% respondents were disagree. International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4450 12. DO YOU GET ANY DISCOUNT OFFERS Interpretation-Maximum respondents i.e. 77% agree to the discount offers they get and are satisfied with the Payment App. 13. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH THE SERVICE PROVIDED BY PAYTM/BHIM/PHONEPAY/MOBIKWIK It is reported that 83% respondents are satisfied with payment app service while 9 % respondents are not satisfied. International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4451 14. ARE YOU SATISFIED WITH THE SPEED OF TRANSACTION. Interpretation-Maximum respondents 87% are satisfied with the speed and fast transactions of the Payments App they have been using. CONCLUSION OF RESEARCH STUDY. 1. Paytm has shown a tremendous increase and growth in the E-Payment Sector,Market share of Paytm in pune city was maximum which is followed by Phonepe and others 2. Maximum number of respondents are satisfied with the App and Facilities provided by the App. 3. From the above study the most important conclusion is that Paytm is most Widely used E- Payment App with a market share of 74%. 4. E-Payment App of private sector work more in advance compared to public sectors like App like BHIM. 5. Age group of 20-30 yrs are more likely to use E-Payment Apps. 6. Respondents feel that online Payment apps offer wide range of banking services and payments 7. PAYTM was used by most of the respondents and has great brand loyalty. 8. Maximum respondents of Pune city are satisfied with the PAYTM App Services 9. Respondents are not fully satisfied with the safety and security features of payment app and has to be made aware. Some respondents feel that there is risk using payment app services 10. Respondents are agreed that payments are user-friendly and comfortable. The Respondents are also satisfied with the comfort level and Friendliness of the App. 11. Respondents are getting good discount offers and are satisfied with the Payment App. 12. Respondents are agreed that overall service quality of payment apps are good 13. Maximum respondents are satisfied with the speed and fast transactions of the Payments App International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering Volume 8, Issue XII, DECEMBER/2018 ISSN NO : 2249-7455 Page No:4452 14. It has been seen that maximum respondents recommend Paytm App to their friends. Suggestion of study. 1. Private app companies should keep on adding good features to the app 2. Government payment app company should provide better services like private app companies. 3. Payment app companies should add safety and security features so that it minimizes its risk 4. Payment app companies should promote their services through various media 5. Payment app companies should use discount and offers to make customer use their services 6. Payment app companies should address issues like privacy and misuse of the customer personal details through payment app services. 7. Linking aadhar card with the payment app should not be mandatory to gain maximum customers. Refrences:- 1. Shwetu Kumar, Vijay Yadav, Atiqu-Ur-Rahman, Aditi Bansal (2014), “A study onPaytm” Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi 2. FE Bureau (2017), “Transfer funds from Paytm wallet to Mobikwik or PayZapp or even bank account soon; here is what is on agenda”, Accessed from https://www.financialexpress.com/economy/transferfunds-from-Paytm-wallet-to-mobikwikor-payzapp-oreven-bank-account-soon-here-is-what-is-onagenda/891046/ 3. Bessant, J., Lamming, R., Noke, H., and Phillips, W. (2005) Managing Innovation Beyond The Steady State, Technovation, 25(12), 1366-76. 4. Balan, R., Ramasubbu, N., Tayi, G. (2006) Digital Wallet: Requirements and Challenges. Available: https://apollo.smu.edu.sg/papers/digitalwallet_case.pdf 5. Lin, H., Wang, Y., An examination of the determinants of customer loyalty in mobile commerce contexts, Information and Management, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 271-282, 2006. 6. Shwetu Kumar, Vijay Yadav, Atiqu-Ur-Rahman, Aditi Bansal (2014), “A study on Paytm” Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi 7. https://www.slideshare.net/vijay7o/paytm?next_slideshow=1 8. https://www.marketing91.com/swot-analysis-paytm/

Rural marketing

Rural marketing the future lies with those companies who see the poor as their customers c k prahalad so many COMPANIES are preparing their product and services for the rich people are the rich class because they purchase their product very often without hesitation thereby generating lot of revenues but rich people are less in number while middle class and poor people are more in number and their purchasing a lot as their disposable income is increasing in India due to increase in growth in GDP and economy so preparing product for the poor people is challenging because it is very difficult to satisfy the need as well as to keep the prices floor attractive reasonable and also promote the product that it will satisfy their needs and also not compromise on their status will see the difference between rural vs urban marketing urban marketing vs rural marketing philosophy of urban marketing is its marketing and social concept philosophy of rural marketing is development and relationship marketing concept market demand for urban market is high market demand for rural market is low in urban marketing competition is in organised sector in rural marketing competition is in unorganised sector literacy rate of urban customers are high literacy rate of rural customers are low income of urban customers are high income of rural customers are low needs of the urban customers are high level needs needs of the rural customers are low level news adoption of the adoption by the rural customers are faster adoption by the rural customer are slower awareness for rural customer is low product awareness for urban customer is height of marketing product and services is known to the urban customer concept of marketing product and services are unknown to the rural customers quality of the product required is good in case of Karbonn customer why moderate qualities required in rural customer urban customers are price sensitive rural customers are very very sensitive the product is medium to high level in urban customer while in rural customer it is medium to low level products are design transportation facilities are good in urban urban areas transportation facilities average in rural areas advertising in case of urban area is print audiovisual and outdoor advertisement advertising in rural area can be done on TV radio print and in regional language regional language should be used as much as possible personal selling is frequently go to dussehra in case of urban area and rural marketing occasionally personal selling is required Definition of village as per census it is basic unit for rural area is revenue village which might comprise of several hamlets demarcated by physical boundaries towns are actually urban areas that can satisfy the following criteria minimum population 5000 density 4400 per square kilometre 75% of the population engaged in non agricultural activities RBI define rural area population with 10000 to 100000 is semi urban and below 10000 is a rural planning commission towns with the population up to 15000 Sahara defined locations with shops commercial establishment upto 10000 population size LG electronics define rural area as 7 m o r in city area except seven cities on a rural areas why marketing is important because it comprise of 50% of GDP 70% of population in rural area 600038 villages are there if we take take into consideration small towns send you have a 25% of GDP share 18% of the population and 7834 towns are there in case of cities 48 large cities we have 12% population and 25% GDP share it has got so fact about rural market rural market comprises 70% of the countries population 41% of its middle class 58% of disposable income and large consuming class around 70 crore people are there that is 70% of Indian population live near 638004 ages 90% of rural population is concentrated in villages with population of less than 2000 India is a largest market in the world rural area is largest rural market in the world area share market demand 50% of motorcycles 50% off 50% of cigarettes 50% of total market for TV fans pressure cooker bicycle washing soap blades salt tooth powder so rural market is possessing lot of products 8 mm 12:15 India's rural market size is 123000 crores out of which 65000 crore where FMCG product demand agri inputs products market size of demand was 45000 crore two or four wheeler market demand in rural area was 8,000 crore consumer durables white goods electronic goods is 5000 crore industry in rural area rural population in India accounts for 6 lacs 27 million that is 62 crore 70 million which is 74 % of India's population rural market in India brings in bigger revenue in the country and rural region comprise of the maximum number of consumers in the country rural market in Indian economy general most more than half of the country's income LIC sold 55% of its policies in rural India 50% of 2 million BSNL mobile connections are in towns or in village 42 million rural household availing banking services in comparison to 27 million in urban areas household investment informal savings instrument is 6.6 million 3066 lacs household in rural while 67 lacs household in urban areas attractiveness of rural market have become a new targets to corporate enterprises for two reasons one or more market has become congested with too many competitors the Mark II the market have reached India saturation point quotation of rural marketing rural marketing has used potential because in urban market there is lot of competition in rural market infrastructure has improved urban market has already saturated no growth financial institution have equal presence in urban and rural areas new employment opportunities are there in rural areas man power is easily available disposable income has increased for the middle class and poor people in rural areas India's large population is still living in rural areas affordability greatest problem is to reach to customer for retailer challenge to reach for flung villages reaches to the customer late now awareness the main way of reaching the customer is through the commercial medium like TV radio outdoor Media while in rural area there is lack of media resource uses combination of TV cinema radio to reach 53% of rural household it does it spend on advertising on doordarshan which alone reach 41% of rural household acceptability the customer should feel that product is designed as per their leaves customer should feel the product family he should relate himself to the product there should not be any hesitation to go for it LG electronics in 1998 developer customise TV for rural market and named it sampoorna it was a success and one lakh sets TV sets sold in first year there are some products moved from urban to rural areas and from some rural to urban areas and some from rural areas to rural areas major part of rural marketing is understanding rural products and services in case of urban to rural products includes transaction of urban marketers who sell their goods and services in rural areas pesticides fertilizers FMCG product tractors bicycle consumer durables in case of products sent from rural area to urban area are the seeds fruits vegetables forest produce spices milk and related product agri based product there are some product which are sent from rural area to rural area like agricultural tools handicrafts this material Bullock carts no value addition to rural marketing it is essentially to understand the needs of the rural people and redesign marketing plan to make it more rural specific for that you need to understand one the importance of women in the rural market rural economy we have to offer product in small packaging like JK dairy the revolutionaries market by top 50 small sachetI reinforced product quality through service initiatives hero Honda has established mobile service centre to take care of rural customers one to one communication channels like it and Coleman uses NGOs in rural area to educate customers about product benefits five use local idioms to convey your message in meaningful contacts 6 core values of the brand must write the customer go to the land be rural group a separate set of professional Moore conversion with the rural market Various factors which have made rural market viable large population remoteness is no longer a problem growth in consumption lifestyle changes market growth rate is higher than urban rural marketing is not expensive benefits of rural marketing size of rural market employment better living contribution to national income increase in farm income problem and difficulties faced in rural marketing lack of proper communication distribution problem low literacy level lack of adequate transport facilities lack of proper retail outlet challenges duplicate products lubrication of media channel high initial investment small retailers to carry out stock without adequate credit facility wholesale and network dealer problems market research problem price sensitivity low brand awareness idisburse and scantily populated market banking and credit problems in case of challenges duplicate products are there in the market market is mostly an organised there are Chinese products or duplicate products which will hamper the quality and will not allow organised sector player 2 gain lot of benefits for profit lubrication of media channels will not allow customer to be aware about the product and services it will be very difficult to convince them or make them aware about the product and services in rural areas use investment is required due to remote areas and list develop market small retailers will require lot of credit facility or the loan facility which is not available there in urban areas there is strong wholesaler distributor network which is not there in rural areas in case of market research rural customers cannot able to respond properly they cannot able to understand and they hesitate to speak the truth and give the reply responses rural customers are very much price sensitive and for less price they will switch the brand and branding part is not there low brand awareness will not allow any player to read profiles population of the market is very highly disperse disperse very less density there is always banking and credit problems because of less investment in financial sector Some success stories in rural areas yaara da tashan x with Aamir Khan created universal appeal for Coca-Cola Coca-Cola India tabla rural market in a big way when it introduce bottle price at rupees 5 and back it is Aamir Khan as in 2080 to an initiative to develop direct contact with the farmers who lived in farm flung areas or villages in MP madhya Pradesh ITC e choupal was the result of this initiative in 1998 sales personnel products unit initiated product Bharat the first and the largest Google home to home operation by a company project covered 13 million rural household by the end of 1999 it has visiting villages across the country distributing sample packs compressor kallu unit price package of shampoo talcum powder toothpaste and skin cream price at rupees 15 to create awareness of the company's product categories and of the affordability of the product small problem small Indian products like 1 rupee offer pic of shampoo for single use for the small helps in giving consumer aatrile opportunity of to milind BSNL mobile connection 50% are in small towns or villages of the 6 lakh villages 5.22 like have a village public telephone VPT 41 million kisan credit cards have been issued against 22 carat plus debit cards in urban with community credit of 977 billion resulting in tremendous liquidity of the 20 million rediffmail sign up 60% are from small towns 50% of transaction from these terms are on rediff online shopping site in 2 million rural household are availing banking services in comparison to 27 million urban household actual is a with its product project Shakti has already been in a reach of 1.7 lakh villages and aspire to reach 500000 villages by 2020 in 2001 and to LIC so 55% of his policies in rural area Mahindra and Mahindra sales most of its SUVs in rural market conclusion Rural market have untapped potential rural India can be one of the most feasible market for the development of FMCG and agri input companies with proper planning and the use of new strategies and technologies in rural India market can be captured and the great margin of profit can be earned by FMCG companies agri input companies automobile companies there is no scope for a marketing of agricultural product

Shifting brand loyalties of customers to RELIANCE - JIO

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TITLE:- A Study of Shifting brand loyalties of customers to JIO from other Telecom service providers with special reference to Pune City. *******************************************************************************
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Abstract *******************************************************************************
India is considered as world's one of the biggest telecommunications market, with over 1.0 billion users as of May 2015. The wireless section (97.36 per cent of total telephone users) rules the market. It has also been rising at a brisk step. Throughout FY07-15, wireless users witnessed a CAGR of 24.78 per cent to 969.8 million. It is also the second major nation in terms of internet usage. India had 267.39 million internet userss as of December 2014.The telecommunications market of India is likely to experience additional development, fuelled by improved non-voice profits and higher diffusion in rural marketplace. Telecom diffusion in the country's rural marketplace is projected to upsurge from 46.14 per cent as of December 2014 to 70 per cent by 2017. The rise of a well-to-do middle class is activating request for the smartphones and internet sections. Availability of inexpensive mobiles, along with a growth in the security level of online transactions, is predicted to boost progression of transactions carried via mobiles, with the total transaction value being tripled in 2014 from last year. Sturdy policy provision from the government has been vital to the sector’s expansion. FDI cap in the telecom segment has been improved to 100 per cent from 74 per cent. In January 2015, the Government of India suggested discount in license fees of telecom by 6 per cent for operators; telecom operators presently pay 8 per cent of attuned gross revenue as licence fee. In this paper researcher have tried to study the altering insight among the user along with the revolutionary variations in the telecommunication segment with the appearance of Jio scheme. *******************************************************************************
Key Word: Reliance, Jio, Telecom sector, Brand Loyalty, Customer perception. *******************************************************************************
Introduction: *******************************************************************************
The telecommunication network of India is the second largest in the universe grounded on the total number of telephone subscribers (both fixed and mobile phone) with the lowest call tariffs in the universe supported by the mega telephone networks and hyper-competition among them. India is currently the world's third-largest Internet subscriptions. As per the Department of Telecommunication of India (DoT), as on March 2015, India has 302.35 million internet subscriptions. Main segments of the Indian telecommunication industry are telephony, internet and television broadcast Industry in the nation which is in a continuing method of converting into next generation network, hires an widespread system of modern network components such as digital telephone exchanges, mobile switching centres, media gateways and signalling gateways at the core, interrelated by a wide variability of transmission systems using fibre-optics or Microwave radio relay networks. The access network, which links the user to the core, is highly diversified with dissimilar copper-pair, optic-fibre and wireless tools. DTH, a comparatively new broadcasting expertise has achieved major popularity in the Television section. The starting of private FM has set a fillip to the radio broadcasting in India. Telecommunication in India has significantly been held by the INSAT system of the nation, one of the biggest domestic satellite systems in the universe. India holds a varied communications system, which connects all portions of the country by telephone, Internet, radio, television and satellite. Indian telecom industry underwent a high pace of market liberalisation and growth since the 1990s and now has become the world's most competitive and one of the fastest growing telecom markets. The Industry has grown over twenty times in just ten years, from under 37 million subscribers in the year 2001 to over 846 million subscribers in the year 2011. India has the world's second-largest mobile phone user base with over 929.37 million users as of May 2012. It has the world's second-largest Internet user-base with over 300 million as of June 2015. Mobile based internet is a key component of Indian Internet usage, with seven out of eight users accessing internet from their mobile phones. The total income of the Indian telecom segment raised by 7% to 2,832 billion (US$42 billion) for 2010–11 financial year, while incomes from telecom equipment section stood at 1,170 billion (US$17 billion). Telecommunication has reinforced the socioeconomic growth of India and has played a important role to narrow down the rural-urban digital divide to some degree. It also has assisted to grow the transparency of governance with the commencement of e-governance in India. The government has pragmatically used modern telecommunication amenities to deliver mass education programmes for the rural people. *******************************************************************************
Jio India *******************************************************************************
A month ago India was all about Jio 4G. There were long queues outside Reliance Digital stores, you could hear people talking about Jio 4G speeds and fawning over the free data and voice calls. A month later, long queues are still there with people hoping to get a SIM, many are still talking about Jio 4G data but sadly not quite cheerfully. Ever since the Jio SIMs were made available to everyone on September 5, even murmurs heard of slow internet, bad call qualities and, of course, unavailability of the SIMs in the first place. Reliance, on its part, has blamed Airtel, Idea and others for whatever woes people are facing with the Jio 4G service. Here the service has gone downhill in terms of speed, although at the same time the reliability of the connection and the scene with voice calls, which are free, has improved. So it's kind of a mixed bag. Reliance jio is one of the emerging network provider in the wireless 4G market of India. While jio is giving more emphasis on their wireless network at the moment, this does not mean that they have no plans of extending their services. Currently limited operators like Act Broadband, BSNL, and some local operators are providing FTTH in India. But jio is trying to capture the complete wire line broadband market rather than some limited areas. If the trend continues ftth plans will be ground breaking. Reliance Jio is currently testing its Fiber to Home broadband services in Navi Mumbai. The testing phase is providing broadband to many customers for nominal charges. Inspired by the success seen by Indian players in towers business, most of the operators around the world are replicating the model. *******************************************************************************

Approach designed for customer while penetrating telecommunication market by Jio:  Go to Google Play Store and search for MyJio.  Download and Install the Application.  After Installation, Open the MyJio App.  Now you can able to find the button “Click to Install All” Hit on the button.  Install all the applications.  Once you install the entire applications exit from MyJio Application.  Disconnect both your Wi-Fi and Mobile data.  Next open the MyJio application, the pop up is encountered with the message “No network connection” Ignore the message and Click on GET Jio SIM.  Again the pop up will come showing the message “No Network” Toggle back and connect to the internet by enabling Wi-Fi or Mobile Data.  Now when you click the button, you will see Preview Offer code instruction.  Follow the instructions to get the code and proceed further by submitting your documents etc *******************************************************************************
Objectives of the Study: *******************************************************************************
1. To study the perception of customer with changing scenario in Indian telecom industry. 2. To study the impact of arrival of Jio schemes on customers’ mentality in Pune city *******************************************************************************
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Hypothesis of the Study: *******************************************************************************
H0- There is not significantly perception about changing scenario in Indian telecom industry. H0- There is no significant impact of arrival of Jio schemes on customers’ mentality in Pune city. *******************************************************************************

Scope of the Study: *******************************************************************************
1. The study deals with ‘Shifting of Loyalties : Perception of Telecom customers after launching of “Jio” in Pune city’ 2. The study evaluates only impression of customers associated with Jio schemes. 3. Telecom penetration in the nation’s rural market is increasing also government of India has introduced digital India program under which all the sectors such as healthcare, retail, etc. will be connected through internet. 4. The study will be restricted up to Pune city but it will definitely useful for rural and semi urban areas. *******************************************************************************
Research Methodology of the Study: *******************************************************************************
The study is based on critical evaluation and analysis of basically Primary Data. The primary sources include customers. A study is undertaken in the sampled regions to see its impact for which a detailed questionnaire is prepared to collect relevant information from the primary source for the guidance of the researchers. With the assistance of the questionnaire, thorough considerations were made with the certain foundations of primary data to comprehend their views, thinking and attitude which would aid to provide the researchers useful recommendations, if any. The questionnaire is processed with the help of statistical tools like tabulations, grouping, percentages, averages, testing of hypothesis etc. Questionnaire is used mainly to analyze the opinion of the students *******************************************************************************
Research Area: *******************************************************************************
Researchers selected respondents from Pune city. Researcher collects data through Primary and Secondary sources. Researcher distributed over 450 questionnaires among the respondents. *******************************************************************************
Review of literature: *******************************************************************************
A Brief report on Telecom sector in India (January 2015) .this report give detail study on Government policies and regulatory framework implemented by Telecom Regulatory Authority. In last two decades, the Indian Telecom Sector and mobile telephony in particular has caught the imagination of India by revolutionizing the way we communicate, share information and through its staggering growth helped millions stay connected. In Indian telecom sector the number of telephone subscribers in India increased growth of 0.52 %. The monthly growth rates of urban and rural subscription were 0.18 % and 1.03% respectively. “A pragmatic approach of analyzing Consumer Behavior in India telecom Sector” by Vikram Singh, Rishiraj Vyas and Jitendra Rathi have clearly highlighted the reasons for buying a particular operator service in India is governed by three important parameter- High quality of service, price sensitivity and effective advertisement. “Critically Analyze the customer preference and satisfaction measurement in Indian Telecom Industry” by Naman Shah 2008, IIPM Ahmadabad, Guided by Prof. Pabitro Ranjan Chakravorty, Senior Research Associate, IIPM Ahmadabad. This study lays emphasis on Quality Measurement of Telecom Industry, certain service parameters of telecom industry like Customer care services, Per call charges , Network , tariff schemes , Value Added services(VAS) , billing system , voice clarity & suggested them as the most important ingredients of service Quality Measurement of telecom industry. Enhancing Competition In Telecommunications: Protecting and empowering consumers- OECD (Organization For Economic Co-Operation and Development) Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry Committee for Information, Computer and Communications Policy. Ministerial Background Report, OECD Ministerial Meeting on the Future of Internet Economy, Seoul 17-18 June 2008, Hosted By Korea Communications Commission. This study examines the available evidence of consumer behavior and satisfaction levels in the telecommunications industry and of the influences on such behavior and satisfaction surveys need to be treated with some caution in that the results may vary widely according to how, and in what context, a question is formulated. For this reason, it is useful to analyse consumer satisfaction surveys side by side with consumer complaints data, where available to get the fuller picture of the market.

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Limitations of the study *******************************************************************************
1. The study is based on limited geographical area. 2. Further variables could be added for the purposes of detail study. Data Analysis Researcher prepared the questionnaire for customers and distributed it among them in Pune city. After receiving the questionnaire researcher analyse the questionnaire and make two groups viz. Working customers such as businessman, salaried employee, professionals etc and Non working customers such as student, housewife, retired persons. There are 219 questionnaire received from group one and 227 from group two, after analysis, researcher rejected incomplete questionnaires.

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Testing of Hypothesis: *******************************************************************************
Hypothesis I H0 : The proportion of customers whose perceptions about change in Indian telecom industry is positive is 0.50 H1 : The proportion of customers whose perceptions about change in Indian telecom industry is positive is more than 0.50 Mathematically P= 0.5 Vs P> 0.5 Table No 2 Testing of Hypothesis I *******************************************************************************

Here level of significance is 0.05 Thus, our null hypothesis The proportion of customers whose perceptions about change in Indian telecom industry is positive is 0.50 is rejected. On the other hand, we admit our alternative hypothesis The quantity of clients whose perceptions about variation in Indian telecom industry is positive is more than 0.50. Testing of Hypothesis II H0 : The proportion of customers whose perceptions about there is significant impact of arrival of Jio schemes in Indian telecom industry is 0.50 H1 : The proportion of customers whose perceptions about there is significant impact of arrival of Jio schemes in Indian telecom industry is more than 0.50 Mathematically P= 0.5 Vs P> 0.5 Table No 3 Testing of Hypothesis II Here level of significance is 0.05 Thus, our null hypothesis The proportion of customers whose perceptions about there is significant impact of arrival of Jio schemes in Indian telecom industry is 0.50 is rejected. Alternatively, we accept our alternative hypothesis. The proportion of customers whose perceptions about there is significant impact of arrival of Jio schemes in Indian telecom industry is more 0.50. *******************************************************************************
The Impending Challenges: *******************************************************************************
With success of implementing it in market Company is facing the challenges as- • Competitive Rivalry : • Customers’ low switching cost and price sensitivity are increasing competition among players. • High exit barriers are also intensifying competition. • There are around 6 to 7 players in each region, leading to intense competition. • Threat of new Entrants : • Strict government regulations. • Extremely high infrastructure setup cost. • Difficulty in achieving. • Economies of scale. • Substitute products : • Hardly any threat of substitute products as there is no substitute available in the market. • Bargaining power of suppliers : • High bargaining power of suppliers as there are just a few suppliers in the sector • High cost of switching suppliers • Bargaining power of customers • Low switching cost and mobile number portability give customers high bargaining power. • Customers are price sensitive.

Findings:  The most influencing factor about Jio scheme among the customers’ perception is that, “Free Data and voice calls”.  As far as customers’ opinions are concerned, “There was need of schemes like Jio for controlling limitless monopoly of other companies in telecom industry” will be the most impact factor in this regard. *******************************************************************************
Conclusion: *******************************************************************************
With this research we may say that India has the second-largest telecom network in the world having subscriber of nearly 1022.61 million. The telecommunication growth has gone through multiple generations in a short span of a few decades. Quick acceptance of the 4G technology is estimated to be serious for the success for the Indian government’s ‘Digital India’ initiative. Considering past few years since the launch of its services, Pune city has been able to acquire the highest revenue market share among its competitors with comparable market coverage. Going forward, given its focus on service expansion and 4G spectrum holding in select circles, the company is poised to rise above its competitors in delivering high quality internet services to consumers. Customer perception about Jio is positive due to free data and voice calls. Jio has increased competition among telecom players resulting in more benefits to customers of telecom services. *******************************************************************************
References: *******************************************************************************
1. Developing and Testing a Model for explaining Customer Retention Formation. Case of Iranian Mobile Telecommunication Services. Kaveh Peighambari. Lulea University of Technology. 2007 2. “Critically Analyze the customer preference and satisfaction measurement in Indian Telecom Industry” by Naman Shah 2008, IIPM Ahmadabad, Guided by Prof. Pabitro Ranjan Chakravorty, Senior Research Associate, IIPM Ahmadabad 3. S. C. Gupta and V.K.Kapoor (2006). Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics, Sultan Chand & Sons Educational Publishers, New Delhi 4. S. C. Gupta and V.K.Kapoor (2006). Fundamentals of Applied Statistics, Sultan Chand & Sons Educational Publishers, New Delhi 5. Company websites, Techsci Research, GSM-Global system for mobile communication 6. Smartphone APAC Market Forecast 2014 – 2018: 34.9% Penetration Portrays A Huge Opportunity For Vendors And Developers! See: http://www.dazeinfo.com/2014/06/22/ smartphone-apac-market-forecast-2014-2018-india-china-australia-japan-growth/